Citadelle of Quebec
A star-shaped British fortress above the St Lawrence, still an active army base and open by guided tour.
The Citadelle occupies Cap Diamant, the high point of Quebec's Old Town, and was built by the Royal Engineers between 1820 and 1850 under Lieutenant-Colonel Elias Walker Durnford. Its four-pointed star plan follows the bastioned system associated with Vauban, and it incorporates earlier French and British works, including the Cap-Diamant Redoubt of 1693 and a powder magazine of 1750. The fortification forms part of the Fortifications of Quebec National Historic Site and of the UNESCO-listed Historic District of Old Québec.
Since 1920 it has been the home garrison of the Royal 22e Régiment, Canada's French-speaking infantry regiment, and it remains an operational military installation, so the public may enter only with a guide. The grounds also contain one of two official residences of the Governor General of Canada. Inside, the Musée Royal 22e Régiment occupies the former powder magazine and military prison, and in summer the garrison performs the changing of the guard on the parade square.
Highlights
- Four-pointed bastioned fortress completed in 1850
- Cap-Diamant Redoubt of 1693, the oldest surviving structure
- Musée Royal 22e Régiment in the 1750 powder magazine
- Governor General's official residence within the walls
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